A huge opportunity waiting ahead for Embedded system engineers

Recent market survey findings clarify that mostly used micro controller is ARM. This is 32 bit Micro controller comes in different package. ARM Micro controller Processor is used in almost all of the smart phones, ARM controllers are becoming a rage in the market . ARM system-on-a-chip technology with multiple cores is working more efficiently in next gen mobile processors. Low in cost and high in features made them the first choice for the developers. ARM Micro controller with Core Future and is going to be for a joyful ride to the world of 32 bit processors.

There are many industries which work on the ARM Micro controllers, there are job vacancies in both the software and hardware domain but industries prefer fresher with hands-on skill or engineers having undergone embedded system training, AVR /ARM micro controller training.

Future Scope:

Samsung has expanded its facility in Noida that produces Mobile Phones, Refrigerators and LED Televisions. Lava international invested Rs 2,615 Cr in two units to generate capacity of 18 million electronics devices per month. These facilities will also have inhouse hardware research and development laboratories. There is going to be a huge scope for Embedded systems design engineers. Freshers who are trained on AVR & ARM Micro controllers will have preference.

The company plans to hire 64,000 direct and employees for the two plants. Karbonn & WWT Co which are into mobile design, manufacturing & supply are joining hands with an aim to boost local manufacturing. This will give boost to local manufacturing & help in local employment. Make in India vision will also get boost.

Carrier scope:

Lava,Karbonn,Samsung,Intex,Panasonic,LG,Sony,Philpes,Micromax,Intex,Dell,Lenovo etc.

This is going to create huge demand for Embedded Engineers, Electrical Engineers, Electronics Engineers with knowledge of micro controllers, embedded system

Comparative Analysis of Common Development Boards

A microprocessor development board containing a printed circuit board, a microprocessor and some additional support logic serves users of the microprocessor as a method to prototype applications in products. We have a lot of development boards in the market today and it might get difficult to distinguish them at times.

The introduction of Arduino in 2005 made designing personal systems simpler for hobbyists and budding engineers. It consists of open source computer hardware and software. Intended for specialists, designers, and anybody intrigued by making intelligent articles, the simplicity of working with the board has made it into a means of learning with students.

The Raspberry Pi made waves due to the number of available features in the low price bracket. It can be easily plugged into a monitor, computer or your television. Also it uses standard mouse and keyboard.

Beagleboard is another low-power, open-source hardware, single-board computer developed by a a small team of engineers as an educational board for students. With the new Wi-fi and Bluetooth additions the scope of the board has significantly increased. This includes features for Internet of Things(IoT) development.

A recent launch is GR-Peach by Renesas Electronics. The board working upto 400MHz embeds an ARM Cortex-A9 central processing unit (CPU) core to handle the processing. The RZ/A1H 324 pin BGA includes a 32 Kb L1 instruction cache, another 32 Kb L1 data cache along with a 128 Kb L2 cache.

Board name	Dimensions	Processor	Power	RAM	Storage	Peripherals
GR-Peach	67.58 x 53.34 mm	ARM cortex-A9 @400 MHz	3.3v	10 MB	MicroSD	Ethernet, USB2.0, ADC, UART, GPIO, I2C, SPI
Raspberry Pi 3	85.60 x 56.5 mm	Quad core ARM cortex-A53 @1.2 GHz	4v	1 GB	MicroSD	Ethernet, GPIO, USB 2.0, Bluetooth 4.1
Arduino 101	68.6 x 53.4 mm	Intel curie two tiny cores, an x86(Quark) and an ARC	5v	25Kb		Ethernet, USB connector, BLE, PWM o/p
Beagleboard-x15	107 x 102 mm	ARM cortex-A8@720 MHz	5v	512 MB	MicroSD	Ethernet, USB OTG, USB 2.0, HDMI, Bluetooth

WIRELESS CAR USING IR SENSOR

An IR sensor is a device which identifies the presence of IR radiation falling on it. Depending on the application, there are numerous types of IR sensors. Presented here is robot controlled using infrared (IR) sensors and wireless radio frequency (RF) communication and the controller used is ATmega8. In this project we are using four pairs of IR sensor modules i.e IR LED and photodiode to control forward, backward, left and right movements of the robot.

Transmitter module:

The principle behind working of IR sensor module is the transmission of IR rays by IR LED. The photodiode receives the reflected IR ray from the object that turns on the circuit. The remaining three IR modules operate similarly. The output of these IR sensors is given as input to four channels of ADC of ATmega8. A specific IR module will be activated when you place your hands near it and then it will send signal to controller. HT12E encoder is used in which the signal received is first encoded and transmitted through RF link module. The information is transmitted to the receiver module via RF link.

Receiver module:

At the receiver end, these transmitted signals are received through an RF receiver module and decoded via HT12D decoder. These signals are then transferred to Atmega8 microcontroller on the receiving end to drive the robot.

ATmega8:

The ATmega8 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR RISC architecture with 8KB of In-System programmable flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 1KB of SRAM, 512 bytes of EEPROM, 3 timer/counters with compare modes, and a 6 or 8 channel 10-bit A/D converter.

Software:

The IDE used for programming is AVR Studio 6. For testing the code on virtual environment we will use Proteus. The coding is done using Embedded C language. 

 

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ANDROID CONTROLLED ROBOT

INTRODUCTION: 

Microcontrollers are so amazing that we can program it to ease our daily life. In embedded world you could be wizard and microcontroller will do the same what you want from it. Today, the number of the embedded products have become more than the human population. Robots are the machine which can perform multiple tasks at a single time with high precision. It can reduce the human efforts, and increase the productivity. Even it can perform dangerous tasks without losing lives. 

Few years ago, these robots were controlled through wires which were sometimes dangerous, so came wireless operated robots. That is why we will introduce you to android controlled robot. Smart phones are handheld device, cheap in cost, and can perform multiple tasks.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION:

A) HARDWARE:

1. Micro controller: Atmega328P is 8 bit microcontroller which belongs to Atmel family. It is operationally rich, which supports various peripherals like PWM, UART, SPI, I2C, ADC etc.

2. Bluetooth: To control the robot we are going to use the HC06 Bluetooth module, because it is cost efficient, it takes less power and range could be up to 20m.

3.  DC motor: The L – shape single shaft dc BO motor provides good torque. Small size and light weight makes it suitable for the circuit.

4.  L293D: L293D is a motor driver IC which uses H- bridge network to control the speed of motor. It is frequently used in robots due to its small size.

5. Power Source: 12V DC power source

6. Tyre

7. Chassis

B) SOFTWARE AND APPLICATION:

            1. Atmel Studio

2. Ius Robot

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

WORKING:

This system mainly uses ATmega328P, HC06 Bluetooth module and a Smartphone. The HC06 is use to establish wireless communication between robot and Smartphone using UART communication. Smartphone sends the data to microcontroller, and microcontroller sends the digital pulses at L293D IC and further which controls the motion of robot.

   

CONCLUSION:

Wireless technology is frequently used in present era. In this project we have controlled the motion of the robot using Bluetooth technology. More than just controlling the motion of the robot, Smart phones have a lot of sensors like, G-sensor, compass, proximity sensor, ambient light sensor, camera, Bluetooth, GPS which can be used in wide variety of applications. 

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Raspberry Pi Based SMS SERVER

A short time ago, for sending an SMS we had to use third-party services from the internet. First we had to log on to a third-party server, then copy and paste the message in the text box, search for the mobile numbers, or copy and paste the group of mobile phone numbers separated by commas and then press Send.

Sometimes the SMS would not reach the destinations. So, the people decided to buy an SMS server for sending mass SMSes. As this server increased the system cost, cheap and efficient SMS server on Raspberry Pi came into existence.

First of all design an SMS server on Raspberry Pi using a GPRS shield.

How to get started:

Hardware:

1. GPRS shied 900MHz-1800Mhz

2. USB-to-serial dongle(required as these shield do not work on direct UART connections.

3. Raspberry computer(preferable model B2 with 512 MB RAM)

4. For sending SMSes keep the simcard ready

Software:

1. First of all install all the necessary drivers and latest softwares

2. To send and receive SMSes using a GSM modem on RaspberryPi, install Linux application Gammu and its GTK front-end Wammu.

Circuit and Working:

1. Connect the GPRS shield to Raspberry Pi using USB-to-serial dongle/adaptor.

2. Insert SIM card into SIM card jacket and connect the GPRS shield.

3. To send an SMS via Raspberry Pi, install an SMS gateway and configure the file for Gammu known as gammurc file.

4. After entering some commands we can ensure that Gammu has found M590 GPRS shield and is ready for heavy work.

5. Gammu have graphical interface known as Wammu, which is a mobile phone controller running on Linux, Windows and other platforms also, where communication is made using Gammu library.

6. Go to Wammu and find the settings to select the correct USB port to find GPRS shield.

7. Go to phone, connect and you are now ready for sending/receiving an SMS on Wammu.

Further Application:

An SMS server combined with AT command can be used as SMS scheduler, which can schedule your SMSes in such a way that you can send SMSes starting from one minute to ten years time frame.

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PROJECT IDEAS ON EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Embedded systems have a vast variety of application realm that varies from low cost to high, consumer electronics to industrial equipments, entertainment devices to academic equipments, medical instrumentation to defence, avionics, and aerospace control systems. Embedded systems also include global positioning system (GPS), ATMs, equipments related to networking, digital vision systems, mobile communication, aerospace applications, telecom applications, etc and in different embedded systems projects. Embedded C language is used in projects, 8051/AVR/PIC microcontroller.

1. Embedded System for Detecting Reckless Driving on Highways: The main aim of this project is to design a speed checking device that identifies hasty driving on highways and informs the traffic authorities if anyone finds vehicle violating the set speed limits on highways.

2. Embedded System for Street Light Control: The main objective of this project is to detect the movement of vehicles on highways. It switches on the street lights before the vehicle enters a predefined area and switches the lights off when vehicles passes by in order conserve energy. 

3. Embedded System for Vehicle Tracking: The main purpose of this project is to find the exact location of a vehicle by using a GPS modem in order to reduce vehicle robbery. The GSM modem sends an SMS to a mobile and an LCD display is used to display the location information in terms of latitude and longitude values. 

4. Embedded System for Home Automation System: The aim of this project is controlling home appliances like fan, light or AC using GSM message service.

5. Embedded System for Industrial Temperature Control: The purpose of this temperature controller project is to control the temperature of any device using temperature sensors like LM35/LM34 etc. An LCD display is used to display the temperature.

Some More Embedded System Project Ideas

We at Sofcon India Private Limited, Noida offer various courses: Embedded Training, Embedded system design course, AVR Microcontroller training, ARM Microcontroller training, RTOS Training, and Embedded Robotics training, where students can upgrade their embedded system knowledge and enhance skills for growth opportunities.

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or

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